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Women's Business Development in Uzbekistan's Digital Economy: The Role of Digital Skills and Support
Corresponding Author(s) : Malohat Sirojiddin qizi Ibodullayeva
American Journal of Economics and Business Management,
Vol. 7 No. 12 (2024): December
Abstract
This paper focuses on the evolution of women’s businesses in Uzbekistan and considers the social and financial barriers to women's entrepreneurship. Yet, digitalisation has a new potential now, and the young women of Uzbekistan are empowered with it, still, the digital divide exists, financial inclusion remains an issue, and harassment remains a culture. There is scant empirical literature that addresses these factors within an econometric modelling approach to fill the knowledge gap. Respondents include 50 participants, where a Logistic Regression Model was used to assess the moderating effect of digital literacy, the availability of financial resources, socio-cultural factors, and government support to business performance. The results show that digital literacy (0.85 ) and governmental support (0.90 ) have a positive influence on success whilst socio-cultural factors have a negative impact (- 0.60 ). As for a set of four empowering factors, financial access (β = 0.72) was also considered as one of the key enablers of women entrepreneurs. These findings are consistent with prior research; highlighting the inadequacy of digital skills development and gender sensitive financial interventions. The conclusion is that gendered policy measures on economic digitization and innovations, financial inclusion, social inclusion as well as cultural restructuring should form the key strategies for promoting the humanitarian model of entrepreneurship. If addressed such factors will contribute to the development of women entrepreneurs in Uzbekistan leading to growth of the overall economy. The limitation of existing studies is the lack of sufficient information about the context in which gender barriers are framed to enhance women’s sustainable digital business development, which calls for the involvement of private organizations and state programs such as “Digital Uzbekistan 2030” as well as social campaigns that inspire women to work without prejudice
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- Allen, F., Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., & Martinez-Peria, M. S. (2021). The Foundations of Financial Inclusion: Understanding Ownership and Use of Formal Accounts. World Bank Group.
- Ashurova, G. (2022). Financial Inclusion in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Opportunities. Central Asian Economic Review, 45(2), 75-90.
- Díaz-García, M. C., Brush, C. G., & Welter, F. (2021). Digital Literacy and Women Entrepreneurs: Bridging the Gender Gap. Journal of Business Research, 134, 105-112.
- Elam, A. B., et al. (2021). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Women's Entrepreneurship Report. GEM Consortium.
- Fatehkia, M., Kashyap, R., & Weber, I. (2020). Using Facebook Ad Data to Track the Global Digital Gender Gap. World Development, 136, 105150.
- Gurumurthy, A., & Chami, N. (2021). Gender and Digital Economy: Towards an Inclusive Future. Feminist Economics, 27(1), 45-68.
- Kadirova, M. (2022). Digital Uzbekistan 2030: A Pathway to Inclusive Growth. Uzbekistan Policy Review, 12(3), 50-65.
- Nanda, R., & Kotha, R. (2020). Women Entrepreneurs and the Digital Divide. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 25(2), 205-224.
- Tursunova, Z. (2021). Women’s Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Prospects. Central Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 15(4), 120-138.
- G. Kuldosheva, "Challenges and Opportunities for Digital Transformation in the Public Sector in Transition Economies: The Case of Uzbekistan," Harnessing Digitalization for Sustainable Economic Development, 2022. [Online]. Available: sea-vet.net
- N. Khakimova and E. Mukhammedov, "Uzbekistan Case Study," COVID-Induced Inequalities for Public Access and Female Participation, 2023. [Online]. Available: academia.edu
- S. F. Kamolovna and F. F. Farhod o'g'li, "Entrepreneurship Development in the Digital Economy," International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: farspublishers.com
- H. O. Botirova, "Women Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Opportunities for Economic Empowerment," Ekonomika i Sotsium, 2024. [Online]. Available: cyberleninka.ru
- R. C. Sormani, M. Honorati, and S. M. Bhat, "What Support Do Uzbek Entrepreneurs Need," World Bank Policy Lessons, 2023. [Online]. Available: documents1.worldbank.org
- A. B. Irmatova and M. I. Akbarova, "Impact of Digital Technologies on Women's Employment," International Conference on Next Generation Technologies, 2022. [Online]. Available: SpringerLink
- S. Musayeva and A. Rakhmonova, "Directions for Increasing the Socio-Economic Activity of Women in the New Uzbekistan," Science and Innovation, 2023. [Online]. Available: cyberleninka.ru
- B. H. Olimjonovna, "Entrepreneurship and Unemployment in Uzbekistan: A Comprehensive Analysis," European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: inlibrary.uz
- Z. Tairova and M. Aslonov, "Role of Women Enhancing Innovation Infrastructure for Economic Development in Uzbekistan," Eurasian Journal of Academic Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: in-academy.uz
- B. Tursunov, "Financial Security in Small Business in the Period of Digital Economy: In Case of Uzbekistan," Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Digital Economy, 2022. [Online]. Available: ACM Digital Library
- S. A. Sternick, "Digital Governance and Digital Economy in Uzbekistan," Global Crossroads: Rethinking Dominant Orders in Digitalization, 2020. [Online]. Available: books.google.com
- M. Nazarova, "Women in Digital Economy," Role of Technical Sciences in IV Industrial Revolution, 2023. [Online]. Available: openconference.us
- G. Kuldosheva, "Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Transformation in the Public Sector in Transition Economies," Econstor Discussion Papers, 2021. [Online]. Available: econstor.eu
- M. S. Nodirovna, "The Role of Women in Business Activity and Measures Taken in This Regard," Journal of Economic Sciences, 2024. [Online]. Available: jets.innovascience.uz
- Ismailova, R. Ismaylova, and K. Saydivalieva, "Development of Gender Entrepreneurship," E3S Web of Conferences, 2021. [Online]. Available: e3s-conferences.org
References
Allen, F., Demirguc-Kunt, A., Klapper, L., & Martinez-Peria, M. S. (2021). The Foundations of Financial Inclusion: Understanding Ownership and Use of Formal Accounts. World Bank Group.
Ashurova, G. (2022). Financial Inclusion in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Opportunities. Central Asian Economic Review, 45(2), 75-90.
Díaz-García, M. C., Brush, C. G., & Welter, F. (2021). Digital Literacy and Women Entrepreneurs: Bridging the Gender Gap. Journal of Business Research, 134, 105-112.
Elam, A. B., et al. (2021). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: Women's Entrepreneurship Report. GEM Consortium.
Fatehkia, M., Kashyap, R., & Weber, I. (2020). Using Facebook Ad Data to Track the Global Digital Gender Gap. World Development, 136, 105150.
Gurumurthy, A., & Chami, N. (2021). Gender and Digital Economy: Towards an Inclusive Future. Feminist Economics, 27(1), 45-68.
Kadirova, M. (2022). Digital Uzbekistan 2030: A Pathway to Inclusive Growth. Uzbekistan Policy Review, 12(3), 50-65.
Nanda, R., & Kotha, R. (2020). Women Entrepreneurs and the Digital Divide. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, 25(2), 205-224.
Tursunova, Z. (2021). Women’s Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Prospects. Central Asian Journal of Social Sciences, 15(4), 120-138.
G. Kuldosheva, "Challenges and Opportunities for Digital Transformation in the Public Sector in Transition Economies: The Case of Uzbekistan," Harnessing Digitalization for Sustainable Economic Development, 2022. [Online]. Available: sea-vet.net
N. Khakimova and E. Mukhammedov, "Uzbekistan Case Study," COVID-Induced Inequalities for Public Access and Female Participation, 2023. [Online]. Available: academia.edu
S. F. Kamolovna and F. F. Farhod o'g'li, "Entrepreneurship Development in the Digital Economy," International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: farspublishers.com
H. O. Botirova, "Women Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan: Challenges and Opportunities for Economic Empowerment," Ekonomika i Sotsium, 2024. [Online]. Available: cyberleninka.ru
R. C. Sormani, M. Honorati, and S. M. Bhat, "What Support Do Uzbek Entrepreneurs Need," World Bank Policy Lessons, 2023. [Online]. Available: documents1.worldbank.org
A. B. Irmatova and M. I. Akbarova, "Impact of Digital Technologies on Women's Employment," International Conference on Next Generation Technologies, 2022. [Online]. Available: SpringerLink
S. Musayeva and A. Rakhmonova, "Directions for Increasing the Socio-Economic Activity of Women in the New Uzbekistan," Science and Innovation, 2023. [Online]. Available: cyberleninka.ru
B. H. Olimjonovna, "Entrepreneurship and Unemployment in Uzbekistan: A Comprehensive Analysis," European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: inlibrary.uz
Z. Tairova and M. Aslonov, "Role of Women Enhancing Innovation Infrastructure for Economic Development in Uzbekistan," Eurasian Journal of Academic Research, 2024. [Online]. Available: in-academy.uz
B. Tursunov, "Financial Security in Small Business in the Period of Digital Economy: In Case of Uzbekistan," Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Digital Economy, 2022. [Online]. Available: ACM Digital Library
S. A. Sternick, "Digital Governance and Digital Economy in Uzbekistan," Global Crossroads: Rethinking Dominant Orders in Digitalization, 2020. [Online]. Available: books.google.com
M. Nazarova, "Women in Digital Economy," Role of Technical Sciences in IV Industrial Revolution, 2023. [Online]. Available: openconference.us
G. Kuldosheva, "Challenges and Opportunities of Digital Transformation in the Public Sector in Transition Economies," Econstor Discussion Papers, 2021. [Online]. Available: econstor.eu
M. S. Nodirovna, "The Role of Women in Business Activity and Measures Taken in This Regard," Journal of Economic Sciences, 2024. [Online]. Available: jets.innovascience.uz
Ismailova, R. Ismaylova, and K. Saydivalieva, "Development of Gender Entrepreneurship," E3S Web of Conferences, 2021. [Online]. Available: e3s-conferences.org